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Oil production in ISIL
Oil production is the major revenue maker for the self-declared state of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL/ISIS),〔〔 its product being termed "the 'black gold' feeding the 'black flag'". Oil extracted from fields conquered and controlled by ISIL is mainly distributed within its territory, but also smuggled to a number of surrounding states at below market prices for cash. Estimates of the income ISIL derives from oil operations vary. In 2014, Dubai-based energy analysts put the combined oil revenue from ISIL's Iraqi-Syrian production as high as US$3 million per day. An estimate from October 2015 indicates the production to be about 34,000-40,000 bpd that is sold at US$20–45 at the wellhead generating an income of US$1.5 million per day.〔 Another 2015 estimate sets the monthly income as high as US$40 million.
While oil products, petrol and mazout, are the backbone of the economy of ISIL-controlled areas with mazout being the power source for generators for electricity,〔 not all energy production is provided by oil. Hydroelectric power plants have been captured in northern Syria, so the Tabqa Dam, the Baath Dam, and the Tishrin Dam. Some electric power has been sold back to the Syrian government. The Syrian government is also reported to send technicians to support and maintain ISIL-controlled gas power plants, and, in return, receives electricity.
==Oil fields under ISIL control==
In 2013 ISIL moved operations from the north of Syria to its east in recognition of the importance of the oil fields for its operations, among the fields in the Deir Ezzor region such as the al-Omar, the Deiro and the al-Tanak fields, and outside this region, the al-Jabsah fields and al Tabqa fields.〔( Financial Times: Inside Isis Inc: The journey of a barrel of oil )〕
In Iraq ISIL conquered the Ajil and Allas oil fields in northern Iraq during the Mosul campaign in 2014. These areas were later recaptured by the Iraq army.〔 ISIL has been able recruit engineers and expert personnel to manage the oil production sites. Oil production is centrally controlled by the top leadership. Until his death in May 2015, Abu Sayyaf had been the "emir" or top official for oil production.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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